Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), also known as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), is an enzyme found in various tissues in the body, with high concentrations in the liver and heart. AST is involved in the transfer of an amino group from aspartate to alpha-ketoglutarate, forming oxaloacetate and glutamate. AST is commonly measured in blood tests to assess the function of the liver and heart, as elevated levels of AST can indicate liver damage, liver disease, or heart disease. Monitoring AST levels can be helpful in diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and myocardial infarction. Research in the area of aspartate aminotransferase focuses on understanding its physiological role, regulation, and potential implications in various diseases. Scientists are studying the mechanisms by which AST is regulated, its role in metabolic pathways, and how changes in AST levels can be used as diagnostic markers for different diseases. Additionally, researchers are investigating potential therapeutic strategies targeting AST for the treatment of liver and heart diseases.